The marl was sold locally, and shipped directly, by rail to Burlington City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Atlantic City, for reshipping as an alternate for green manure, water treatment amendment, and semi-flowable fill. Marl continued to be excavated in Marlton until 1930, when the pits were shut down. The discovery of the marl content helped local business and farmers, and caused the first 'building boom', occurring in the 1830s and 1840s. The name is derived from marl clay, which is commonly found in the local soil. The name Marlton first appeared in the early 19th century. Marlton was founded by Welsh and English farmers beginning in 1676. While Marlton comprises only a small part of Evesham Township, many people colloquially refer to the entire township as Marlton.

Census, in turn a 1.2% decrease from the 10,260 counted in the 2000 census.

As of the 2020 United States census, the CDP had a population of 10,594 residents, reflecting a 4.5% increase from the 10,133 enumerated at the 2010 U.S. Marlton is a census-designated place (CDP) located within Evesham Township in Burlington County, in the U.S.

Supercuts evesham township